Total Questions: 34
Time Limit: 1/2 hours
Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Section 1: Laboratory Safety & Ethics (20 Questions)
- The best method to disinfect laboratory surfaces is:
a) Boiling water
b) UV radiation
c) 70% ethanol
d) Soap and water - In a fire emergency, which extinguisher should be used for electrical fires?
a) Water extinguisher
b) CO₂ extinguisher
c) Foam extinguisher
d) Sand - What does MSDS stand for?
a) Medical Safety Data Sheet
b) Material Safety Data Sheet
c) Microbiology Standard Data System
d) Medical Sterilization and Disinfection Standards - What color represents biohazard waste disposal bins?
a) Blue
b) Yellow
c) Red
d) Green - When working with blood samples, gloves should be changed:
a) Every hour
b) After each patient/sample
c) At the end of the shift
d) Only if visibly contaminated - A centrifuge should always be loaded:
a) With equal weight on both sides
b) With different weights for balance
c) To maximum capacity
d) With open lids - Which of the following is considered a high-risk biohazard?
a) Saline solution
b) Used blood collection tubes
c) Distilled water
d) Cotton swabs - If a reagent bottle is found without a label, the best course of action is:
a) Guess based on color and smell
b) Use it with caution
c) Discard it properly
d) Ask a colleague for confirmation - The universal precaution in infection control is:
a) Only used for highly infectious samples
b) Following standard safety measures for all patient samples
c) Washing hands occasionally
d) Wearing a mask only in respiratory cases - The first action to take if a chemical splash occurs in the eyes is:
a) Blink rapidly to remove the chemical
b) Immediately rinse with water for at least 15 minutes
c) Apply eye drops
d) Cover the eye and seek medical help
Section 2: Microbiology (20 Questions)
- The causative agent of tuberculosis is:
a) Streptococcus pneumoniae
b) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
c) Escherichia coli
d) Staphylococcus aureus - The most common stain used to detect fungal infections is:
a) Gram stain
b) India ink
c) Ziehl-Neelsen stain
d) Giemsa stain - The primary function of bacterial endospores is:
a) Reproduction
b) Survival in harsh conditions
c) Nutrient absorption
d) Bacterial movement - Blood agar is primarily used to detect:
a) Gram-negative bacteria
b) Hemolysis patterns
c) Fungal growth
d) Acid-fast bacteria - The most effective method for sterilizing surgical instruments is:
a) Boiling
b) UV sterilization
c) Autoclaving
d) Alcohol wiping - Which bacteria is commonly responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
a) Staphylococcus aureus
b) Escherichia coli
c) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
d) Clostridium difficile - A negative result in a Gram stain appears:
a) Purple
b) Pink
c) Green
d) Yellow - The enzyme responsible for breaking down hydrogen peroxide in bacterial cells is:
a) Amylase
b) Catalase
c) Coagulase
d) Lipase - The causative agent of syphilis is:
a) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
b) Treponema pallidum
c) Borrelia burgdorferi
d) Mycoplasma pneumoniae - MacConkey agar is used for the identification of:
a) Gram-positive bacteria
b) Gram-negative bacteria
c) Fungi
d) Viruses
Section 3: Hematology (20 Questions)
- The normal WBC count in adults is:
a) 4,000-11,000/mm³
b) 1,000-3,000/mm³
c) 12,000-20,000/mm³
d) 100,000-200,000/mm³ - Which test is used to determine blood clotting ability?
a) ESR
b) PT/INR
c) Hemoglobin test
d) CBC - A low platelet count is called:
a) Thrombocytosis
b) Thrombocytopenia
c) Leukocytosis
d) Hemophilia - The lifespan of a red blood cell is:
a) 10 days
b) 30 days
c) 120 days
d) 200 days - Hemoglobin S is associated with:
a) Sickle cell anemia
b) Thalassemia
c) Leukemia
d) Hemophilia - A patient with hemophilia has a problem with:
a) White blood cell function
b) Oxygen transport
c) Blood clotting
d) Red blood cell production - The reticulocyte count is used to assess:
a) Platelet function
b) Bone marrow activity
c) White blood cell infection
d) Kidney function - Which stain is used for identifying malaria parasites?
a) Gram stain
b) Giemsa stain
c) Wright’s stain
d) Crystal violet - What is the anticoagulant used in blood glucose testing?
a) EDTA
b) Sodium citrate
c) Heparin
d) Sodium fluoride - Which blood group is known as the universal donor?
a) A+
b) AB+
c) O-
d) B-
Section 4: Clinical Chemistry (20 Questions)
- The liver enzyme AST is also known as:
a) Alkaline phosphatase
b) Alanine aminotransferase
c) Aspartate aminotransferase
d) Creatine kinase - The normal pH of human blood is:
a) 6.5
b) 7.35-7.45
c) 8.0
d) 5.5 - The most common electrolyte found in extracellular fluid is:
a) Potassium
b) Sodium
c) Calcium
d) Magnesium - The primary organ responsible for regulating blood glucose levels is:
a) Kidney
b) Liver
c) Pancreas
d) Heart
